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The United States and India continue to enhance their strategic partnership through a variety of energy-related activities and agreements. Recent cooperative efforts focus on increasing investment in the energy sector while achieving greater energy security through diversity of supply. Key bilateral endeavors include:
- U.S.-India Energy Dialogue: Launched in May 2005, the U.S.-India Energy Dialogue increases bilateral trade and investment in the energy economy by identifying areas of collaboration. Comprised of five working groups (coal; oil and gas; power and energy efficiency; new technologies and renewable energy; and civil nuclear) and supervised by a Steering Committee, the dialogue promotes the two countries’ shared vision of energy security and continued economic growth on an environmentally sustainable footing.
- U.S.-India Civil Nuclear Cooperation Initiative: In July 2005, India and the United States agreed to full civil nuclear cooperation while working to protect the environment, prevent nuclear proliferation, and enhance energy security. The agreement helps India meet its growing energy requirements in an environmentally responsible manner and provides trade and investment opportunities for the United States. To prevent nuclear proliferation, India entered into a safeguard agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), created a robust national export control system, and continued its commitment to a unilateral testing moratorium. India has also separated its civilian and military facilities, placed its civilian facilities under international safeguards, and committed to help restrain the spread of enrichment and reprocessing technologies.
In addition to these bilateral efforts, the United States and India cooperate through a variety of important multilateral fora:
- Methane to Markets Partnership: Methane to Markets (M2M) is a voluntary international partnership designed to reduce the emissions of methane from key anthropogenic sources such as animal waste, coal mines, landfills, and natural gas and oil systems. The ultimate goal of the project is to capture methane and use it as a source of clean energy. As the second and third most emitters of methane in the world, respectively, India and the United States are major stakeholders in this important effort.
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- Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate (APP): The Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate is comprised of the United States, China, Australia, Canada, India, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. The APP works with private sector partners to address national air pollution reduction, energy security and climate change concerns. Within this forum, the United States and India serve as chair and co-chair, respectively, of the Coal Mining Task Force, which works to improve the efficiency of the mining and processing of coal while reducing its environmental impacts.
- Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF): CSLF seeks to develop cost-effective technologies for the separation and capture of carbon dioxide for its transport and long-term storage. The purpose of the CSLF is to make these technologies available internationally and to identify and address wider issues relating to carbon capture and storage (CCS). The forum, which now includes 21 countries and the European Commission, has approved 17 capture and storage projects as well as a Technology Roadmap to provide future directions for international cooperation.
- International Partnership for a Hydrogen Economy (IPHE): Established in 2003, the IPHE comprises 17 member countries and the European Union in a partnership to foster international cooperation on research, development and demonstration programs that advance the transition to a global hydrogen economy. The IPHE organizes and coordinates national strategies for hydrogen and fuel cell research and development.
- International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER): ITER is an international research and development project that aims to demonstrate the scientific and technical feasibility of fusion power. The project’s partners are the United States, China, Japan, India, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, and the European Union (represented by EURATOM). The experimental fusion reactor will be constructed at Cadarache, France and is expected to be completed in 2015. DOE laboratories will subcontract with industry to build the components of ITER for which the U.S. is responsible.
For more information, see:
U.S.-India Energy Dialogue Coal Working Group: Co-chaired by DOE’s Office of Fossil Energy
Press Release on Memorandum of Understanding for Cooperation in Gas Hydrates signed at the fourth meeting of the U.S.-India Energy Dialogue, April 2008
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